THE FOLLOWING ARE SOME THEORIES SIMILAR OR CLOSE TO THE ToE.
Kaluza–Klein theory-
Kaluza–Klein theory is a model that seeks to unify the two fundamental
forces of gravitation and
electromagnetism. It says that the world is 5 dimensional and not 4 dimensional
(which is the accepted norm), but we can't see the 5th dimension because it
is incredibly small. This extra dimension is packed up tightly into a
tiny circle of size in order of Planck length and it would contain
just one force and just one type of field, the gravitational force or the
gravitational field. The ripples or vibrations produced in this gravitational
field would seem to the observers like vibrations in an
electromagnetic field and a scalar field in the remaining three
spatial and one time dimension. So, it states that all other forces are
actually derived from the force of gravity which is itself higher dimensional.
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| David Hilbert |
Hilbert's program-
In
mathematics, Hilbert’s program, formulated by German mathematician David
Hilbert, was a proposed solution to the foundational
crisis of mathematics, when early attempts to clarify the foundations of
mathematics were found to
suffer from paradoxes and inconsistencies. Hilbert proposed to ground all existing theories to a finite,
complete set of axioms, and provide a proof that
these axioms were consistent. Basically, it is a theory of everything
for mathematics.
The Standard Model-
It is the theory of particle physics concerning the electromagnetic, weak, and strong nuclear interactions which govern the motion and
interactions of the sub atomic or elementary particles. The standard model is
also referred as the set of all elementary particles known till date (can be considered as a 'periodic table' for particle physics) It
includes the force carriers- the gluons, photons, W bosons, Z bosons which are
underneath any force or interaction between big and small bodies. The standard
model also has the mass carrier- the Higgs boson which are believed to be the
fundamental particles that provide mass to any object. The standard model is
sometimes referred as "theory of almost everything"due to its inability to incorporate gravity and its foundations being based on simplifying assumptions. Still, it is a quite successful and well tested theory in physics.
Grand Unified theory-
A Grand Unified Theory is a model
in particle
physics which attempts to merge the electromagnetic, weak, and strong interactions into one single interaction.
Loop Quantum gravity-
Loop quantum gravity is a theory that attempts to describe the
quantum properties of gravity. It proposes that the structure of space
is granular and has a certain critical density of matter that can be contained
within it, thus contradicting general relativity (which proposes that space can
be stretched infinitely). Area and volume of any
portion of space are quantized.
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Granular Structure of Space as proposed by Loop
Quantum Gravity
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